Open-Learning, Open-Science

„Das vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) geförderte Projekt open-access.network schafft ein neues Informations- und Vernetzungsangebot, das vorhandene Initiativen aktivieren und überregional vernetzen sowie den Austausch innerhalb der Wissenschaft zu Open Access nachhaltig verbessern wird. Es werden disziplinübergreifend, zentral und zuverlässig Informationen zum Thema Open Access zur Verfügung gestellt. Neu erstellte frei zugängliche Materialien, Fortbildungs- und Schulungsangebote qualifizieren Akteure sowie Multiplikator*innen in Wissenschaft und Bibliotheken weiter und vermitteln Kompetenzen zu praktischen, organisatorischen und rechtlichen Fragestellungen.“ Auch disziplinspezifische Angebote; Psychologie: https://open-access.network/informieren/open-access-in-fachdisziplinen/psychologie .

Open Science: Impulses – Reflections – Practices; Videos der TIB Hannover

„How To Use This Guide: In 2002, the Budapest Open Access Initiative articulated the basic tenets of Open Access for the first time. Since then thousands of journals have adopted policies that embrace some or all of the Open Access core components related to: readership, reuse, copyright, posting, and machine readability. However, not all Open Access is created equal. For example, a policy that allows anyone to read an article for free six months after its publication is more open than a policy that creates a twelve month embargo; it is also less open than a policy that allows for free reading immediately upon publication. This guide will help you move beyond the seemingly simple question, „Is this journal Open Access?“ and toward a more productive alternative, „HowOpenIsIt?“ Use it to: – Understand the components that define Open Access journals – Learn what makes a journal more open vs. less open – Make informed decisions about where to publish.“ Guide (2014) in englischer Sprache unter https://www.plos.org/files/HowOpenIsIt_English.pdf .

„RoMEO is a searchable database of publisher’s policies regarding the self-archiving of journal articles on the web and in Open Access repositories. – What use is RoMEO to me? If an academic author wants to put their research articles online, they are faced with an increasingly complex situation. Evidence shows that citations to articles made openly accessible in this way are taken up and cited more often than research that is simply published in journals. Also some funding agencies require open access archiving for their research, to increase the use of the information generated. However, some publishers prohibit authors from using their own articles in this way. Others allow it, but only under certain conditions, while others are quite happy for authors to show their work in this way. Authors can be left confused: RoMEO helps to clarify the situation. – What does RoMEO contain? RoMEO contains publishers‘ general policies on self-archiving of journal articles and certain conference series. Each entry provides a summary of the publisher’s policy, including what version of an article can be deposited, where it can be deposited, and any conditions that are attached to that deposit.“

„Creative Commons (CC) ist eine Non-Profit-Organisation, die in Form vorgefertigter Lizenzverträge eine Hilfestellung für Urheber zur Freigabe rechtlich geschützter Inhalte anbietet. Ganz konkret bietet CC sechs verschiedene Standard-Lizenzverträge an, die bei der Verbreitung kreativer Inhalte genutzt werden können, um die rechtlichen Bedingungen festzulegen. CC ist dabei selber weder als Verwerter noch als Verleger von Inhalten tätig und ist auch nicht Vertragspartner von Urhebern und Rechteinhabern, die ihre Inhalte unter CC-Lizenzverträgen verbreiten wollen. Die CC-Lizenzverträge werden also von den Urhebern übernommen und in eigener Verantwortung verwendet – um gegenüber jedermann klarzustellen, was mit den Inhalten ihrer Webseiten geschehen darf und was nicht (darum werden solche an die Allgemeinheit gerichteten Standardlizenzen auch „Jedermannlizenzen“ genannt). Durch CC-Lizenzen geben die Inhaber von Urheber- und Leistungsschutzrechten allen Interessierten zusätzliche Freiheiten. Das bedeutet, dass jeder mit einem CC-lizenzierten Inhalt mehr machen darf als das Urheberrechtsgesetz ohnehin schon erlaubt. Welche Freiheiten genau zusätzlich geboten werden, hängt davon ab, welcher der sechs CC-Lizenzverträge jeweils zum Einsatz kommt.“

Der Berufsverband der Rechtsjournalisten e.V. hat ein Portal mit Informationen zum Thema Urheberrecht geschaffen; es werden die wichtigsten Begriffe definiert und die Geschichte und die Grundlagen des Urheberrechts dargestellt; ferner werden Informationen zum Urheberrecht bei modernen Medien gegeben (z. B. bei Bildern, Fotos, E-Books, Filmen, Musik, Software, Internet (Filesharing, Tauschbörsen, Streaming)); ferner wird auf Verletzungen des Urheberrechts und seine möglichen Folgen (Abmahnungen, Schadensersatz, Unterlassungsanspruch, Unterlassungserklärung, Unterlassungsklage) und Formen (Produktpiraterie, Plagiate) eingegangen. Zudem gibt es Informationen zum gewerblichen Rechtsschutz (z. B. Designschutz, Geschmacksmuster, Markenrecht, Titelschutz, Lizenzvertrag, Arbeitnehmererfindungsgesetz).

„Think. Check. Submit. is a campaign to help researchers identify trusted journals for their research. It is a simple checklist researchers can use to assess the credentials of a journal or publisher. The campaign is just starting out. […] The campaign has been produced with the support of a coalition from across scholarly communications in response to discussions about deceptive publishing. Supporting organizations include: Association of Learned & Professional Society Publishers (ALPSP), BioMed Central, Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), INASP, ISSN International Centre […] .“

„Registered Reports emphasize the importance of the research question and the quality of methodology by conducting the peer review prior to data collection and analysis. Accepted papers then are virtually guaranteed publication in the journal if the authors follow through with the registered methodology. Registered Reports emphasize the importance of the research question and the quality of methodology by conducting peer review prior to data collection. High quality protocols are then provisionally accepted for publication if the authors follow through with the registered methodology. This format is designed to reward best practices in adhering to the hypothetico-deductive model of the scientific method. It eliminates a variety of questionable research practices, including low statistical power, selective reporting of results, and publication bias, while allowing complete flexibility to report serendipitous findings. For an article type to qualify as a registered report, the journal policy must include at least these features: – Peer review occurs prior to observing the outcomes of the research. – Manuscripts that survive pre-study peer review receive an in-principle acceptance that will not be revoked based on the outcomes, but only on failings of quality assurance, following through on the registered protocol, or unresolvable problems in reporting clarity or style.“ U. a. angeboten wird eine Liste der teilnehmenden Fachzeitschriften: z. B. Cognition and Emotion; Experimental Psychology; Health Psychology Bulletin; Journal of Cognition; Journal of Media Psychology. Anbieter: Center for Open Science, Virginia, USA.

„Center for Open Science […] is a nonprofit organization […]. The COS conducts research on scientific practices and provides grants for relevant projects. The COS fosters an open and interactive community among open source developers, open science researchers, and the broader scientific community. We also support and improve the scientific workflow by connecting technologies that researchers use by means of our development and administration of the Open Science Framework. Our mission is to increase the openness, integrity, and reproducibility of scientific research and scholarly communication by creating and operating an open access infrastructure (referred to as „OSF“ or the „Framework“) to support the entire research lifecycle from planning, execution, reporting, archiving and discovery. The use of our Websites and Services are free of charge.“ U. a. Reproducibility Project: Psychology – Estimating the Reproducibility of Psychological Science: https://osf.io/ezcuj/wiki/home/. Methodologische Kritik an diesem Bericht z. B. unter https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/pdf/10.1026/0033-3042/a000388 (Prof. Klaus Fiedler: Wo sind die wissenschaftlichen Standards für hochwertige Replikationsforschung? In : Psychologische Rundschau 2018, 69 (1))

„Large-scale replication projects of the last years (e.g., ManyLabs, Reproducibility Project Psychology) showed that the „replication crisis“ in psychology is more than just hot air […] This spurred a lot of developments, such as the TOP guidelines, which define transparency and openness criteria for scientific publications, and which more than 100 journals already have signed. The field is thinking about how we can ensure that we generate more actual knowledge and less false positives, or in the words of Ioannidis: How to make more published research true. In order to fathom potential consequences for our own department, our Leitungskollegium unanimously decided to establish an Open Science Committee (OSC). The committee’s mission and goals include: – Monitor the international developments in the area of open science and communicate them to the department. – Organize workshops that teach skills for open science (e.g., How do I write a good pre-registration? What practical steps are necessary for Open Data? How can I apply for the Open Science badges?, Advanced power analysis, What are Registered Reports?). – Develop concrete suggestions concerning tenure-track criteria, hiring criteria, PhD supervision and grading, etc. – Channel the discussion concerning standards of research quality and transparency. Even if we share the same scientific values, the implementations might differ between research areas. We hope that the research units at the department discuss our suggestions and provide feedback and further ideas. A medium-term goal of the committee is to explore in what way a department-wide consensus can be established concerning certain points of open science. The committee was initiated by Felix Schönbrodt, Markus Maier, Moritz Heene, and Michael Zehetleitner, and currently consists of 22 members representing every research unit of our department.